• Shoulders are unequal – one or both shoulder blades may protrude out
• Head is not centered squarely above the pelvis
• One or both hips are elevated or unusually high
• An uneven waist
• Changes within the look or texture of the skin atop the spine (dimples, hairy areas, coloration anomalies);
• The complete body leans to one side

What is the cause of scoliosis?

Scoliosis is typically idiopathic (the reason is unclear). However, it is congenital (existing at birth) in certain people, caused by degeneration of the spinal joints or discs, or caused by a neuromuscular problem unrelated to bone structures.

What are the treatments for scoliosis?

Your scoliosis therapy will be classified into one of three types:

• Observation
• Nonsurgical alternatives, such as a brace
• Surgery

Observation

Mild curves, such as those present in 90% of scoliosis cases, usually do not necessitate treatment.

Brace for the Back

If your child’s curve is between 20 and 40 degrees, their doctor may advise them to wear a back brace to slow its progression as they develop. A brace, however, cannot rectify a curve. They may wear the brace for 16 to 23 hours per day until they have finished growing. The goal is to keep the curve under control so that surgery is not required.

Scoliosis Surgery

Curves between 45 and 50 degrees are predicted to worsen and may potentially influence how the lungs function. In such circumstances, your doctor may advise you to undergo spinal fusion surgery, which has been proven to stop the increase.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS?

Lumbar spondylosis can cause a variety of symptoms, some of which are described below:

• Back pain
• Numbness
• Weakness
• Neurological claudication affecting the lower back and leg during standing or walking
• Disc bulging

Treatment Of Lumbar Spondylosis

• Conservative treatments such as therapeutic exercises, massage, physical therapy, over-the-counter or prescription pain medications, hot/cold therapy, or epidural steroid injections can be used to control the discomfort caused by spinal degeneration in some circumstances. If you have lumbar spondylosis, we will collaborate with your referring physician, chiropractor, or other ancillary treatments such as physical therapy to assist you manage your condition.
• If you have tried conservative therapy for lumbar spondylosis and your pain persists, you may be suitable for minimally invasive, endoscopic spine surgery.
• When compared to traditional open-back surgery, we can help you get relief from your pain with fewer complications and a shorter recovery period using this sophisticated procedure.

Surgery may be necessary to prevent additional neurological impairments and restore function.

There are several surgical options for decompression, including:

• Discectomy: removal of a herniated disc
• Laminectomy: to remove bone spurs or a section of the vertebra known as the lamina.
• Laminoplasty: altering the location of the lamina to make room for nerve tissue.
• Spinal fusion: uniting a portion of the spine with or without tools (for example, rods and screws).

What treatments are offered?

The first phase in rehabilitation is conservative nonsurgical treatment, which might include medication, rest, physical therapy, at-home exercises, hydrotherapy, epidural steroid injections (ESI), chiropractic adjustments, and pain management. 80% of back pain sufferers experience improvement and a return to regular activities after six weeks of treatment when a team approach is used. If you don’t improve after trying conservative measures, your doctor can suggest surgery.

Surgical Procedures

If conservative therapy are ineffective at considerably alleviating your symptoms, surgery for a herniated lumbar disc, known as a discectomy, may be a possibility. If you exhibit symptoms of nerve injury, such as weakness or numbness in your legs, surgery may also be advised.

Microsurgical Discectomy: After a discectomy, about 80–85% of patients make a full recovery and can resume their regular jobs in 6–8 weeks.

Microendoscopic Minimally Invasive Discectomy: This procedure harms muscles less than a standard discectomy.

The following are the most prevalent injuries in people with osteoporosis:

• a fractured wrist;
• a shattered hip (hip fracture);
• a broken spinal bone (vertebrae).

Osteoporosis Causes

Losing bone is a natural part of the aging process, however, some people lose bone considerably faster than others. This can result in osteoporosis and an increased risk of fractures.

Women lose bone significantly in the first several years after menopause as well. Women are more likely than men to develop osteoporosis, especially if menopause comes early (before the age of 45) or if their ovaries have been removed. Many other factors, such as:

• Taking high-dose steroid tablets for more than 3 months
• Other medical conditions – such as inflammatory conditions, hormone-related conditions, or malabsorption problems
• Family history of osteoporosis – especially parental hip fractures
• Long-term use of certain medications that can affect bone density or hormone levels, such as anti-estrogen medications that many women take after breast cancer.
• Low body mass index (BMI).
• Lack of Regular Excercise
• Heavy drinking and smoking

Osteoporosis Diagnosis

Currently, measuring bone density with a dual-energy absorptiometry scan, or DXA, is the most reliable way to diagnose osteoporosis. A DXA scan is a quick, painless scan that determines the density of your bones, most commonly at the hip and spine, but also in some circumstances at the forearm.

Osteoporosis Risk Factors

There are many risk factors for osteoporosis, including being a woman and having a direct relative with osteoporosis

Other risk factors include insufficient dietary calcium, low vitamin D levels, cigarette smoking, more than two standard drinks per day, more than three cups of coffee or equivalent per day, a lack of physical activity, and early menopause (before the age of 45).

• • lack of menstrual period if it is related with decreased oestrogen production, which is essential for bone health (the menstrual cycle might stop due to extreme dieting and activity).
  • long-term use of medications for rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and other illnesses, such as corticosteroids.

Some medical disorders put people at an increased risk of developing osteoporosis. These are some of the conditions:

• thyroid disease or hyperthyroidism
• rheumatoid arthritis
• chronic liver and kidney dysfunction
• disorders that impair nutrition absorption, such as Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, and other inflammatory bowel diseases

Osteoporosis Prevention

Both men and women can start preventing osteoporosis at an early age by making sure that they:

• have a healthy and diverse diet rich in fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains; and • consume calcium-rich foods.
• get adequate vitamin D; avoid smoking; limit alcohol consumption; and engage in regular weight-bearing and strength-training activities.

Treatment of Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis treatment focuses on repairing and preventing fractured bones, as well as taking medication to strengthen your bones.

The decision on whether you require treatment is based on your likelihood of breaking a bone in the future. This will be determined by a number of factors, including your age, gender, and the findings of your bone density scan.

If you require treatment, your doctor can advise you on the safest and most effective course of action.

Eternal Orthopaedics, Dr. Ashish Dagar and Dr. Lokesh Garg is counted among one of the most famed & experienced Osteoporosis Surgery in Gurgaon. Best Osteoporosis Treatment Hospital in Gurgaon Sector 52, 90, led by Osteoporosis specialist Gurgaon.

Back/Spine Arthritis Symptoms

The following is a common pattern of low back discomfort caused by facet joint arthritis:

• Because the pain runs down the leg, people, including doctors, frequently confuse it with nerve root pain.
• As the person goes about his or her daily activities, the pain normally subsides to a more manageable level.
• In the evening, pain and stiffness tend to worsen.
• Sleep-disrupting pain is frequently an indication of osteoarthritis.
• Loss of joint flexibility, such as the inability to bend and pick something up off the floor.
• A crunching sensation or sound of bone scraping against bone as the joint is moved (called crepitus), which is most noticeable in the neck.

Back/Spine Arthritis Causes

Spine Arthritis has an unknown cause. SPINE ARTHRITIS is caused by a variety of reasons, including:

• Age: The older you are, the more likely you are to have SPINE ARTHRITIS.
• Weight: Overweight people are more likely to suffer SPINE ARTHRITIS.
• Stress: Joint strain from work or sports can raise your risk.
• SPINE ARTHRITIS can be caused by a back injury.
• Family history of SPINE ARTHRITIS: Some persons have a family history of SPINE ARTHRITIS.

Diagnosing SPINE ARTHRITIS

Your doctor will talk with you and examine your body to see if you have SPINE ARTHRITIS in your back. They will almost certainly order an X-ray to search for damage to your spine’s joints. Blood tests may also be ordered to rule out other diseases. In some circumstances, a CT scan or an MRI may be requested.

SPINE ARTHRITIS TREATMENTS

The damage produced by SPINE ARTHRITIS is irreversible. The treatment focuses on relieving pain and keeping you mobile.

Non-Medical Treatments

• Lose weight (if necessary) to relieve back pain.
• Alter your activities to ones that are less taxing on your back.
• Attend physical therapy to strengthen your muscles and enhance your capacity to move your spine.
• For pain alleviation, try acupuncture or massage.

Medication Treatments

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) for pain relief.
• For short-term relief, steroids can be injected into the back.

Surgical Procedures

If non-surgical treatments do not relieve your symptoms, a surgical procedure may be required. Many of these treatments can now be performed using a minimally invasive approach known as arthroscopy, thanks to developments in spine surgical techniques. However, for some people, open surgery may be required for the best possible outcome. Before scheduling the procedure, your spine surgeon will go over your alternatives with you.

Spinal Cord Decompression Surgery is one type of surgical technique. Severe spine arthritis can sometimes cause compression of the spinal cord and nerves, resulting in pain, numbness, and limited range of motion. Decompression surgery, also known as a laminectomy, involves the removal of a piece of a vertebra (lamina) to relieve pressure on the spinal cord and free up nerve roots. Multiple vertebrae may require decompression at times.

Fusion of the spine. This treatment, which is frequently performed utilizing minimally invasive surgery, fuses or unites two or more spinal vertebrae together. This procedure is performed to address spinal weakness or instability caused by severe spine arthritis.

What signs ? indicate back pain

Back pain can occur anywhere along your spine, from your neck down to your hips, although it most frequently occurs in the lumbar (lower back) region.

The following are signs of back pain:

• Muscular discomfort and spasms
• Tightness, soreness, and stiffness; discomfort that travels down your legs; restricted back flexibility or range of motion.

What are the risk factors for back pain?

There are various risk factors that may make you more likely to experience back discomfort. These consist of:

• Ageing – wear and tear or a degenerative condition can reduce bone density, reduce the elasticity and tone of your muscles, and reduce the fluid and flexibility of your intervertebral discs.
• Being overweight — carrying too much weight strains your spine.
• Smoking – your back’s tissues may become damaged. Additionally, smokers frequently lead unhealthy lifestyles compared to non-smokers.
• Physical fitness – Back discomfort is less frequent among physically healthy persons. Fitness helps preserve the strength of the intervertebral discs and the muscles in the back and abdomen.
• Pregnancy – carrying a baby around adds extra weight, which can strain your back.
• Profession – Sitting all day at a desk job with inadequate back support or bad posture can cause back discomfort, as can jobs that require heavy lifting.
• Having a mental disorder, such as stress, anxiety, or depression

Why do you get back pain?

Back pain that doesn’t have a clear cause is called non-specific back pain and occurs frequently. There are occasions when it’s brought on by an interference with the regular operation of muscles, ligaments, cartilage, or an aggravated or pinched nerve. Minor injuries, overused muscles, and strains and sprains can all contribute to this. Back discomfort can occasionally be brought on by more severe spinal disease or injury.

Back pain is frequently caused by a variety of conditions, such as:

• A slipped disc : which can cause a nerve to be squeezed when the soft material inside an intervertebral disc bulges or ruptures. If the sciatic nerve is pressed, this condition is referred to as sciatica.
• Degenerative disc disease : As we age, the intervertebral discs’ structural integrity and cushioning capacity can deteriorate.
• Spondylolisthesis : which occurs when a vertebra falls out of position and pins a nerve.
• Spinal stenosis : which causes pressure on the spinal cord and nerves due to the spinal column’s constriction.

How should I deal with back pain?

The majority of the time, back discomfort resolves on its own without medical attention. You might attempt a few self-help techniques to ease back pain and hasten your recovery. These consist of:

• Continue your everyday routines; try to stay active. Your back becomes stronger and more flexible as you exercise, and endorphins, which are natural painkillers, are released.
• Over-the-counter analgesics such ibuprofen or paracetamol.
• Heat or cold – these treatments may relax tense muscles and ease pain.
• Get a good night’s sleep; switching positions while you’re in bed may help ease the tension on your back.
• Unwind and keep a positive outlook to reduce muscle tension and heal more quickly.

When should I visit a physician?

If your back pain has persisted for more than six weeks, isn’t improving with self-help methods, or is even getting worse, it’s best to schedule an appointment with your doctor for an evaluation. If you have a history of cancer or osteoporosis, or if this is the first time you’ve experienced back pain after turning 50, you should also visit your doctor.

What back pain tests are available?

To assist identify the source of your back discomfort, your doctor may ask for more tests. The most typical diagnostic exams are:

• X-rays – these scans display your bones’ alignment as well as any signs of arthritis, fractures, or tumours.
• CT scan – produces detailed cross-sectional images of the spine’s bones and can spot herniated discs or issues with the blood vessels, muscles, tendons, nerves, ligaments, or bones.
• An MRI scan gives precise pictures of your nerve roots, intervertebral discs, and vertebrae. MRIs are frequently employed to correctly identify spinal diseases and rule out malignancies or infections in the area.

What kind of back pain can be diagnosed?

Back discomfort is frequently attributed to:

• Spinal muscle or ligament strain, which is frequently brought on by repetitive heavy lifting or jarring rapid movements.
• Bulging or ruptured discs: If the sciatic nerve is inflamed, the inner core of the disc may seep out and irritate a nearby nerve root, leading to sciatica.
• Vertebral slippage, or spondylolisthesis, which results in nerve compression.
• Arthritis: Degeneration caused by conditions like osteoarthritis can cause spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the area around the spinal cord.
• Unusual spine curves, such as the sideward curvature of the spine in scoliosis.
• Osteoporosis: Your vertebrae become porous and fragile, making compression fractures easier to form.

Which surgical procedures are available to treat back pain?

Back operations can be performed to treat different types of back pain. To achieve the best results for you, they are occasionally used in combination. Back surgery may be necessary to release pressure from a pinched nerve, stabilise nearby vertebrae, or correct a deformity like scoliosis.

• Spinal fusion : which in

volves uniting two or more vertebrae with a piece of bone to strengthen and stabilise your spine.

• Discectomy : the removal of herniated or prolapsed disc material from the spine that is pushing on a nerve. Historically completed with open surgery, however today a minimally invasive procedure termed microdiscectomy is frequently employed.
• Laminectomy : This procedure involves removing a portion of bone from a vertebra that is pushing on a nerve in the spine.
• Lumbar spinal decompression : a procedure to increase the space around the nerve root. Spinal fusion, discectomy, and laminectomy are three techniques that can be used to perform it.
• Artificial discs : a less invasive option for uncomfortable movement between vertebrae than spinal fusion.

Will the pain come back?

Acute back pain may come back every now and then, depending upon its cause. If you’re managing chronic pain using non-surgical treatments, you may still experience pain as these options are not a cure but used to reduce the level of your pain and inflammation. Pain relieving injections may last around three months.

Dr. Ashish Dagar is counted among one of the most famed & experienced Back Pain Doctors in Gurgaon. Best Back Pain Treatment Hospital in Gurgaon Sector 52, 90, led by Back Pain Surgery specialist Gurgaon.

 

If you’ve had surgery, then the pain resulting specifically to your back pain surgery should not return.

Classification of Neck Pain

Neck pain can be moderate, easy to ignore, and can be painful and interfere with daily activities such as dressing, concentrating, and sleeping.Neck pain can sometimes cause stiffness and a reduction in range of motion.

Neck discomfort is typically categorized as follows in terms of duration:

• Acute. Pain lasting shorter than four weeks.
• Subacute. Pain that lasts between 4 and 12 weeks.
• Chronic. Pain that lasts three months or longer

Causes

Neck pain is usually caused by holding your neck in the same posture for an extended period of time. Other factors that can cause or contribute to neck pain include:

• concern or stress
• sleeping improperly
• an accident, which can cause whiplash
• a sprain or strain;
• a flare-up of cervical spondylosis, which can occur when the spine’s discs and joints age.

Symptoms

A herniated disc or a bone spur pressing on a nerve root or the spinal cord may cause:

• Pain in the arm
• Numbness or weakness in the arm or forearm
• Tingling in the fingers or hand
• Difficulty with balance and walking
• Weakness in the arms or legs

Testing & Diagnosis

Diagnosis is made by a Spine specialist based on patient history, symptoms, a physical examination, and results of diagnostic studies, These tests may include:

• Computed Tomography Scan (CT or CAT scan)
• Discography
• Electromyography (EMG)
• Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS)
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Myelogram
• Selective Nerve Root Block
• X-rays

Neck Pain Self-Care

If the pain is not incapacitating and was not caused by trauma, it can usually be addressed with self-care.

• A brief interval of rest. While vigorous activities and motions that aggravate pain should be avoided for a few days, some mobility is usually suggested to keep the neck from weakening and/or stiffening.
• Use ice and/or heat. Applying ice to the affected area might help reduce swelling and pain. Applying heat to the wounded area may help relax muscles and increase blood flow and healing nutrients.
• Stretches that are gentle. Gentle range-of-motion stretches can help relieve some types of neck pain or muscular tightness. Stop and attempt another movement if a certain movement or stretch causes pain.

Rehabilitation Therapy in Gurgaon

Physical therapy is used in many treatment approaches for chronic neck pain to enhance neck strength and flexibility.

Medications

Over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) are usually attempted initially for neck pain. If the pain in the neck persists, a doctor may prescribe stronger drugs.

Neck Pain Surgery in Gurgaon

If nonsurgical treatments fail to relieve neck discomfort and associated signs and symptoms, particularly those caused by spinal cord or nerve root compression, surgery may be considered.

Common Neck Pain Surgery Procedures

The Two most popular neck pain surgical methods are designed to put off a broken disc and restore regular spacing inside the vertebral stage with the intention to decompress a nerve root

ACDF stands for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

A discectomy, or removing a troublesome disc in the cervical spine, is the most common surgery for neck pain. Typically, anterior cervical discectomy surgery is conducted through the front of the neck. To maintain spinal stability where the disc was removed, this operation is performed in conjunction with a cervical spinal fusion.

A discectomy can also be performed through the back of the neck, which is known as posterior cervical decompression or microdiscectomy. , in which only a portion of the disc is removed and no spinal fusion is required

ADR (artificial disc replacement) of the cervical spine

Discectomy with artificial disc replacement is a fairly recent approach. Rather than a fusion, this procedure includes the removal of the injured disc and replacement with an artificial disc.